Two ways to say something is necessary. Have to changes like a normal verb (has to, had to, don't have to); must has one form and no past.
Два способи сказати, що щось необхідно. Have to змінюється як звичайне дієслово (has to, had to, don't have to); must має одну форму і не має минулого часу.
Must: no -s, no to: she must go · Past: had to (must has no past) · Short answers: Yes, I do. / No, she doesn't.
A2
Have to and must for obligation
New
Use have to (has to with he / she / it) or must when something is necessary. Have to is the usual choice for rules and duties; must is followed by the base verb without to.Have to (has to після he / she / it) або must — коли щось необхідно. Have to частіше вживають для правил і обов'язків; після must стоїть базова форма дієслова без to.
subject+have to / has to / must+base verb
I have to wear a uniform at work. Мені треба носити уніформу на роботі.
She has to get up at six every day. Їй треба вставати о шостій щодня.
She have to get up at six.
She has to get up at six.
Типова помилка: Українське «я мушу / мені треба» не показує, що з he / she / it потрібне has to. Після must to не ставимо: I must go, а не I must to go.
Quick Check
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Passengers show their tickets.
have to Passengers is plural: have to.
2/4
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We finish this report today.
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Tap the words in the order of the sentence.
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One word is in the wrong form. Type the correct form.
My sister have to wear glasses.
A2
Questions and negatives with have to
New
Make questions and negatives of have to with do / does and don't / doesn't. The verb after have to stays in the base form.Питання і заперечення з have to утворюємо через do / does і don't / doesn't. Після have to дієслово стоїть у базовій формі.
Do / Does+subject+have to+base verb
Does she have to wear a uniform? Їй треба носити уніформу?
We don't have to pay for the museum. Нам не треба платити за музей.
Have you to work on Sundays?
Do you have to work on Sundays?
Типова помилка: Українське «Тобі треба працювати в неділю?» не має допоміжного слова. В англійській потрібне Do you have to …?
Quick Check
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2/4
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We have to pay for the museum.
3/4
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One word is in the wrong form. Type the correct form.
Does she has to work tomorrow?
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He have to get up early on Sunday.
A2
Had to: obligation in the past
New
Must has no past form. Use had to for a past obligation; questions and negatives use did / didn't + have to.У must немає минулого часу. Для минулого обов'язку вживаємо had to; питання і заперечення — did / didn't + have to.
subject+had to+base verb
I had to wait for an hour. Мені довелося чекати годину.
Did you have to pay for the parking? Тобі довелося платити за парковку?
I must go to the doctor yesterday.
I had to go to the doctor yesterday.
Типова помилка: Українською «мусив» має форму минулого часу, а в англійській must — ні. Для минулого потрібне had to.
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He work late last Friday. The boss let him go home.
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One word is in the wrong form. Type the correct form.
I didn't had to pay for the ticket.
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Did they the exam again?
have to take After did use have to + base verb.
B1
Mustn't or don't have to
New
Mustn't means it is forbidden. Don't have to means it is not necessary: you can do it, but you don't need to.Mustn't — це заборона. Don't have to — це «не обов'язково»: можна зробити, але не треба.
subject+mustn't / don't have to+base verb
You mustn't touch the paintings. Не можна торкатися картин.
You don't have to come, but you can. Тобі не обов'язково приходити, але можеш.
You don't have to smoke here. It's forbidden.
You mustn't smoke here. It's forbidden.
Типова помилка: Українське «не можна» — це mustn't, а «не треба / не обов'язково» — don't have to. Через схоже «не» їх легко переплутати.
Quick Check
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You bring food. We have plenty.
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Visitors feed the animals. It's dangerous.
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She pay. The tickets are free.
doesn't have to Not necessary, with she: doesn't have to.
B1
Must for strong guesses
New
Use must + be (or another verb) for a strong guess when you are almost sure something is true. Do not use have to for guesses.Must + be (або інше дієслово) — сильне припущення, коли ви майже впевнені. Для припущень have to не вживаємо.
subject+must+be / base verb
You must be tired after the trip. Ти, мабуть, втомився після поїздки.
He must live near here: he walks to work. Він, напевно, живе поряд: ходить на роботу пішки.
You have to be tired after such a long trip.
You must be tired after such a long trip.
Типова помилка: Українське «мабуть / напевно» передається через must. Have to тут не підходить: воно означає обов'язок, а не припущення.