MODALITY

Need

Need to is an ordinary verb: it takes -s and uses do / does / did. Needn't is a modal: no -s, no to, and the base verb follows it directly.

Need to — звичайне дієслово: має -s і вживається з do / does / did. Needn't — модальне дієслово: без -s, без to, а після нього одразу базова форма.

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	Present	Past
+	I need to go	I needed to go
−	I don't need to go / I needn't go	I didn't need to go
?	Do you need to go?	Did you need to go?

He / she / it: she needs to · After don't / doesn't / didn't: need to · Needn't + base verb, no to · Past, but it was not necessary: you needn't have bought

Need to + base verb

New

Use need to when something is necessary. Add -s after he / she / it, and use do / does for questions. Need to вживаємо, коли щось потрібно. Після he / she / it додаємо -s, а для питань беремо do / does.

subject+ need(s) to+ base verb

I need to buy some milk. Мені треба купити молока.
She needs to leave early. Їй треба піти раніше.

She need to leave early.
She needs to leave early.

Типова помилка: Українське «треба» безособове: «Мені треба йти». В англійській є підмет, і дієслово узгоджується з ним: she needs to go.

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She to leave early.

Don't need to: not necessary

New

Don't need to means it is not necessary. It does not mean it is forbidden. After don't / doesn't keep need to and the base verb. Don't need to означає, що це не обов'язково. Це не заборона. Після don't / doesn't лишаємо need to і базову форму дієслова.

subject+ don't / doesn't need to+ base verb

You don't need to bring any food. Вам не треба приносити їжу.
She doesn't need to wait for us. Їй не треба чекати на нас.

You don't need bring any food.
You don't need to bring any food.

Типова помилка: Українське «не треба» може звучати і як «не обов'язково», і як «не можна». В англійській ці значення розділені: don't need to — не обов'язково, mustn't — заборонено.

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One word is in the wrong form. Type the correct form.

She don't need to wait for us.

Didn't need to + base verb

New

Use didn't need to for something that was not necessary in the past. After didn't use need, not needed. Didn't need to вживаємо для того, що не було потрібно в минулому. Після didn't стоїть need, а не needed.

subject+ didn't need to+ base verb

I didn't need to buy a ticket. It was free. Мені не треба було купувати квиток. Вхід був безкоштовний.
She didn't need to get up early on Sunday. Їй не треба було вставати рано в неділю.

I didn't needed to buy a ticket.
I didn't need to buy a ticket.

Типова помилка: Минулий час уже показує didn't, тому need лишається в базовій формі: I didn't need, а не I didn't needed.

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Did she to wear a uniform?

Needn't + base verb

New

Needn't means the same as don't need to. It is a modal: no -s and no to after it. Needn't означає те саме, що don't need to. Це модальне дієслово: без -s і без to після нього.

subject+ needn't+ base verb

You needn't worry about the bill. Вам не треба турбуватися про рахунок.
She needn't wait for me. Їй не треба на мене чекати.

You needn't to worry about the bill.
You needn't worry about the bill.

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He come tonight.

Needn't have + past participle

New

Use needn't have and the past participle for something you did, but it was not necessary. Didn't need to does not say if it happened. Needn't have і третя форма дієслова — для дії, яку ви зробили, хоча це було не потрібно. Didn't need to не каже, чи дія відбулася.

subject+ needn't have+ past participle

You needn't have bought me a gift. Не треба було купувати мені подарунок.
We needn't have hurried. The train was late. Нам не треба було поспішати. Потяг запізнився.

You needn't have buy me a gift.
You needn't have bought me a gift.

Типова помилка: Українське «не треба було купувати» передає саме needn't have bought: дію вже зроблено. Для незробленої чи невідомої дії краще didn't need to buy.

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She needn't called me.