Short forms: isn't · aren't · haven't · can't · won't · After don't / doesn't / didn't the verb is base form · Never two negatives: I don't know anything
A1
Be, can and will + not
New
With be, can and other modal verbs, add not (or n't) after the verb. No do is needed.Після be, can та інших модальних дієслів додаємо not (або n't). Допоміжне do не потрібне.
subject+be / can + not+rest of the sentence
She isn't at home. Її немає вдома.
I can't swim. Я не вмію плавати.
She doesn't be at home.
She isn't at home.
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I speak French.
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My parents at home now.
aren't Plural subject with be: aren't.
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He doesn't at home now.
A1
Don't and doesn't
New
In the present simple, use don't or doesn't before the base verb. After doesn't the verb has no -s.У present simple перед основним дієсловом ставимо don't або doesn't. Після doesn't дієслово без -s.
subject+don't / doesn't+base verb
I don't like coffee. Я не люблю каву.
She doesn't work on Sundays. Вона не працює в неділю.
She doesn't works on Sundays.
She doesn't work on Sundays.
Типова помилка: В українській «не» стоїть просто перед дієсловом, а в англійській потрібне do. І -s переходить на doesn't: не «doesn't works».
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She eat meat.
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Anna doesn't likes jazz.
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My dad drink tea.
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A2
Didn't
New
In the past simple, use didn't + base verb with every verb except be. The past is already in didn't.У past simple заперечення — didn't + базова форма дієслова (крім be). Минулий час уже в didn't.
subject+didn't+base verb
I didn't see him yesterday. Учора я його не бачив.
They didn't call me. Вони мені не зателефонували.
I didn't went to school.
I didn't go to school.
Типова помилка: В українській дієслово лишається в минулому часі («не пішов»), тому легко сказати didn't went. Після didn't — завжди базова форма.
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He to the party.
didn't come Didn't + base form.
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She didn't the email.
send After didn't use the base form.
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I at home last night.
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We didn't saw the bus.
A2
Negatives with be and have
New
In continuous and perfect tenses, put not after be or have: am not, isn't, haven't, wasn't, hadn't. Do not add do.У continuous і perfect not ставимо після be або have: am not, isn't, haven't, wasn't, hadn't. Do не додаємо.
subject+be / have + not+-ing / past participle
I'm not working today. Я сьогодні не працюю.
She hasn't finished yet. Вона ще не закінчила.
I don't working today.
I'm not working today.
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She doesn't reading now.
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I finished my homework.
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When we arrived, the film started.
hadn't Past perfect negative: had + not.
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A2
No, any and never
New
English uses one negative word per sentence: not … any / anything / anybody, or no / nobody / nothing / never on their own.В англійському реченні лише одне заперечення: not … any або no / nobody / nothing / never без don't.
subject+don't + verb+any / anything / anybody
I don't have any money. У мене немає грошей.
Nobody knows the answer. Ніхто не знає відповіді.
I don't know nothing.
I don't know anything.
Типова помилка: В українській потрібне подвійне заперечення: «Я нічого не знаю». В англійській друге заперечення — помилка: I don't know anything (або I know nothing).
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He eats meat.
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I didn't see in the room.
anybody Didn't is already negative: anybody.
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I haven't got time.
any Haven't is already negative: any.
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B1
I don't think …
New
To say you think something is not true, put the negative in the first verb: I don't think … Not in the second clause.Щоб сказати, що ви не думаєте, що щось так, ставте заперечення в першому дієслові: I don't think … А не в підрядній частині.
I+don't think+clause
I don't think it's a good idea. Не думаю, що це гарна ідея.
I don't believe he is at home. Не вірю, що він удома.
I think it isn't a good idea.
I don't think it's a good idea.
Типова помилка: Українське «Не думаю, що це правда» збігається з англійським: заперечення стоїть у think. Не перекладайте «Я думаю, що це не так» дослівно: I think it isn't звучить неприродно.
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I don't she is at home.
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I he is ready.
don't think Put the negative in think, keep the clause positive.
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I it will rain today.
don't think Negative in the first verb: don't think.