Short forms: I've been · she's been · Not used with state verbs: know, like, want · Spelling: run → running · make → making
B1
Form: have been + -ing
New
Make it with have / has + been + the -ing form. Do not drop been.Утворюємо: have / has + been + дієслово з -ing. Been пропускати не можна.
subject+have / has been+verb + -ing
I've been learning English for a year. Я вивчаю англійську вже рік.
It has been raining all day. Дощ іде цілий день.
I have been learn English.
I have been learning English.
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They have been play tennis.
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She has been for two hours.
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I for you for an hour.
have been waiting Have been + -ing.
B1
For and since: still going on
New
Use it for an activity that began in the past and is still going on, with for + a period or since + a starting point.Для дії, що почалася в минулому й триває досі, з for + проміжок або since + момент початку.
subject+have / has been -ing+for / since …
I've been working here since May. Я працюю тут із травня.
They have been living here for ten years. Вони живуть тут десять років.
I am learning English since 2020.
I have been learning English since 2020.
Типова помилка: Українською кажемо «я вчу з 2020 року» — теперішній час. Англійською з for / since потрібен present perfect: I have been learning, а не I am learning.
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I living in this city since I was a child.
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She is working here since June.
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They English for six months.
have been learning For + period: have been learning.
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B1
Recent activity with a visible result
New
Use it for an activity that has just stopped when you can see or feel the result now.Для дії, яка щойно закінчилась і результат якої видно зараз.
subject+have / has been+verb + -ing
You're wet. Have you been swimming? Ти мокрий. Ти плавав?
I've been running, so I'm tired. Я бігав, тому втомився.
I run, so I'm very tired.
I have been running, so I'm very tired.
Типова помилка: Українською тут минулий час («бігав»), а англійською — have been running, бо результат помітний зараз.
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Why are your eyes red? — I .
have been crying Result visible now: have been crying.
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She's tired because she been running.
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I'm hot. I've been football.
B1
Questions: How long …?
New
Ask about the length of an activity with How long + have / has + subject + been + -ing.Про тривалість дії питаємо: How long + have / has + підмет + been + -ing.
How long+have / has+subject+been + -ing
How long have you been waiting? Як довго ти чекаєш?
How long has she been learning Spanish? Як давно вона вчить іспанську?
How long are you waiting?
How long have you been waiting?
Типова помилка: Українське «Як довго ти чекаєш?» — теперішній час. Англійською потрібен present perfect continuous: How long have you been waiting?
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How long you been waiting?
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How long has they been playing?
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How long waiting?
have you been How long + have + subject + been + -ing.
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How have you been studying?
B1
Continuous or simple?
New
Use the continuous to stress the activity and how long it lasts. Use present perfect simple to stress the result or how many.Present perfect continuous — акцент на самій дії та її тривалості. Present perfect simple — на результаті або кількості.
have been reading+how long+have read+how many
I've been reading this book for a week. Я читаю цю книжку вже тиждень.
I've read three books this month. Цього місяця я прочитав три книжки.
I have been reading three books this month.
I have read three books this month.
Типова помилка: Коли ви називаєте кількість (three books), потрібен лише present perfect simple: це результат.
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She has be reading since lunch.
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They have been all day, and they're still not finished.
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I my homework, so I can go out now.
have finished A finished result: present perfect simple.
B1
State verbs: know, like, have
New
Some verbs describe a state, not an activity: know, like, love, want, need, have (own), be. Use present perfect simple with them, not the continuous.Дієслова стану — know, like, love, want, need, have (мати), be — не вживаються в continuous. З ними — present perfect simple.
subject+have / has+known / liked / had
I've known her for years. Я знаю її багато років.
She has had this car since 2015. Ця машина в неї з 2015 року.
I have been knowing her for years.
I have known her for years.
Типова помилка: Українською «знаю з дитинства» — теперішній час, а англійською — have known. Не кажіть have been knowing.
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He a dog for years.
has wanted Want is a state verb: present perfect simple.
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I my best friend for ten years.
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They have married for five years.
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