I → me · he → him · she → her · we → us · they → them · you, it: no change · mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs · myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
A1
Subject and object pronouns
New
Use I, you, he, she, it, we, they before a verb. After a verb or a preposition use me, you, him, her, it, us, them.Перед дієсловом ставимо I, you, he, she, it, we, they. Після дієслова чи прийменника — me, you, him, her, it, us, them.
I / he / she…+verb+me / him / her…
She called me yesterday. Вона подзвонила мені вчора.
I'm going with them. Я йду з ними.
I see he every day.
I see him every day.
Типова помилка: В українській займенник змінюється за відмінками (мене, мені, мною). В англійській є лише дві форми: I для підмета і me для всього іншого — he / him, she / her, we / us, they / them.
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Where is Anna? I can't find .
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That is my boss. I work for .
him After a preposition we use the object form: him.
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Us are going to the cinema tonight.
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A1
Something, anything, nobody…
New
Use something, someone and somewhere in statements, and anything, anyone and anywhere in questions and after not. Never use not with nothing or nobody.Something, someone, somewhere — у стверджувальних реченнях. Anything, anyone, anywhere — у питаннях і після not. З nothing і nobody not не вживаємо.
subject+verb / don't + verb+something / anything
I want something to drink. Я хочу щось випити.
I don't know anyone here. Я нікого тут не знаю.
I don't know nothing.
I don't know anything.
Типова помилка: В українській подвійне заперечення обов'язкове: «Я нічого не знаю». В англійській заперечення одне: I don't know anything або I know nothing.
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I'm hungry. I want to eat.
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I didn't see at the party.
anybody After not we use anybody; nobody already means not anybody.
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She never told nobody about it.
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A2
It for weather, time and distance
New
English needs a subject in every sentence. Use it when there is nothing else: weather, time, days and distances.В англійському реченні завжди потрібен підмет. Коли його немає, ставимо it: погода, час, дні, відстань.
It+is / gets+adjective / time
It rains a lot in autumn. Восени часто йдуть дощі.
It's half past six. Зараз пів на сьому.
Is cold today.
It's cold today.
Типова помилка: В українській підмета часто немає: «Холодно», «Йде дощ», «Вже пізно». В англійській його не можна пропускати: It's cold. It's raining. It's late.
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One word is in the wrong form. Type the correct form.
Today is raining in Lviv.
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takes two hours to get to Odesa by train.
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snows a lot in January here.
It Weather needs the subject it.
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A2
Everyone and nobody take a singular verb
New
Everyone, everybody, someone, nobody and everything are singular, so they take a singular verb, even when they mean many people.Everyone, everybody, someone, nobody, everything — однина, тому дієслово теж в однині, хоча йдеться про багатьох людей.
everyone / nobody+verb + s+rest
Everyone in my class likes music. Усі в моєму класі люблять музику.
Nobody knows the answer. Ніхто не знає відповіді.
Everyone are ready.
Everyone is ready.
Типова помилка: «Усі» в українській — множина («усі люблять»). Everyone та everybody — однина: Everyone is here, а не Everyone are here.
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One word is in the wrong form. Type the correct form.
Everybody are happy today.
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Everyone in the room tired.
is Everyone is singular: is.
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Everybody coming to the party tonight.
A2
Mine, yours, hers…
New
Use mine, yours, his, hers, ours and theirs without a noun. My, your, her, our and their always need a noun after them.Mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs стоять без іменника. My, your, her, our, their завжди потребують іменника.
This book+is+mine / yours
This seat is mine. Це місце моє.
Is that coat yours? Це пальто твоє?
This book is my.
This book is mine.
Типова помилка: В українській «мій» стоїть і з іменником, і без нього («моя книжка» — «ця книжка моя»). В англійській дві форми: my book, але this book is mine.
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Is this seat ?
yours No noun after it, so yours.
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I met a colleague of yesterday, Mr Brown.
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One word is in the wrong form. Type the correct form.
Their garden is nice, but our is bigger.
A2
Myself, yourself, by myself
New
Use myself, himself, themselves and similar words when the subject and the object are the same person. By myself means alone, without help.Myself, himself, themselves та інші вживаємо, коли підмет і додаток — одна особа. By myself означає «сам, без допомоги».
subject+verb+myself / himself
I cut myself in the kitchen. Я порізався на кухні.
She cooked dinner by herself. Вона сама приготувала вечерю.
I enjoyed me at the party.
I enjoyed myself at the party.
Типова помилка: В українській дію на себе передає -ся (порізатися, цікавитися). В англійській для цього є myself, але з wash, dress, shave, relax його зазвичай не додають: I washed, he dressed.
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We enjoyed at the concert.
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Tom doesn't like noise. He lives by .
himself By himself means alone.
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They built the house by theirselves.
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The children made lunch by .
themselves The plural reflexive is themselves.
A2
You and they for people in general
New
Use you for people in general, including yourself. Use they for other people or an organisation you are not part of.You вживаємо про людей загалом, разом із собою. They — про інших людей або організацію, до якої ви не належите.
you / they+verb+…
You can buy stamps at the post office. Марки можна купити на пошті.
They say it will snow tomorrow. Кажуть, що завтра буде сніг.
Can buy stamps at the post office.
You can buy stamps at the post office.
Типова помилка: Українською підмет у таких реченнях зазвичай опускають («тут продають марки»). В англійській підмет обов'язковий: you або they.
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In winter, often need a warm coat in Kyiv.
you Use you for people in general.
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In a library must be quiet.
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In my country is common to eat late.
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can't park here.
You English needs a subject: you.
B1
Each other, one another
New
Use each other (or one another, more formal) when two or more people do the same thing to each other. Do not add to or with.Each other (або one another, офіційніше) вживаємо, коли двоє чи більше людей роблять щось одне одному.
subject+verb+each other
We help each other with homework. Ми допомагаємо одне одному з домашнім завданням.
They looked at each other and laughed. Вони подивилися одне на одного й засміялися.
We know us well.
We know each other well.
Типова помилка: Українською «знаємо одне одного» — англійською each other. Us або themselves тут означають інше: we know us звучить неправильно.
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They sent presents to .
each other Write each other as two words.
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Anna and Tom met in 2020 and they know well.
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